インスリン様成長因子 2 (IGF2) 細胞増殖を調節することが知られているタンパク質ホルモンです, 成長, 移行, 差別化と生存. 転写物がほぼ独占的に父方の対立遺伝子に由来するという意味で、遺伝子は親からインプリントされています。. IGF2 遺伝子のインプリンティングの喪失は、過剰増殖とさまざまな悪性腫瘍を組み合わせた成長障害で繰り返し観察されます。. さらに, IGF2 has been proposed to play a role in the development of a variety of seemingly unrelated cancers that play an important role in geriatric medicine, 例えば. 乳癌, colon cancer and lung cancer. ついに, IGF2 has been implicated in cardiovascular disease, since, 例えば, IGF2 has been shown to influence the size of atherosclerotic lesions.
IGF2 is a crucial factor for the regulation of cell proliferation, 成長, 移行, 差別化と生存. IGF2 (as well as IGF1) interacts with several receptors and binding proteins in order to exert its actions. It binds to the non-signaling IGF type 2 受容体 (IGF2R) with high affinity. This receptor is homologous to the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) 受容体. IGF2 can also bind to different signaling receptors, such as the IGF type 1 受容体 (IGF1R) and the insulin receptor, albeit with lower affinity, although an alternatively spliced version of the insulin receptor, named insulin receptor isoform A, may bind IGF2 with higher affinity.
Both IGF1 and IGF2 are present in the circulation and can be readily detected in plasma. As might be predicted from the pattern of synthesis, circulating IGF1 levels rise during juvenile life and then decline after puberty, while circulating IGF2 levels are highest in the fetal circulation. Circulating IGFs are mostly associated with 6 specifically designed binding proteins (IGFBPs) which exhibit tissue- and stage-specific expression. インビトロ, all IGFBPs inhibit the biological activity of IGFs, suggesting that part of their function may be to restrict the availability of biologically active IGFs
